Meaning & use

reactant

noun·Academicchemistry

Last updated

UK/riˈæk.tənt/
US/riˈæk.tənt/

Meaning

  1. nouncountablechemistry

    A substance that is consumed or changed when a chemical reaction happens.

    Grammar: Has a plural reactants; appears on the left side of a chemical equation before the arrow.

    Patterns

    • reactants and products
    • limiting reactant
    • reactant concentration
    • a reactant in a reaction

    In the equation, hydrogen and oxygen are the reactants.

    The limiting reactant runs out first and stops the reaction.

    Students measured how reactant concentration changed the reaction rate.

Word forms

pluralreactants

Common combinations

limiting reactant
Find the limiting reactant before predicting the product mass.
reactant concentration
Higher reactant concentration often speeds up the reaction.
reactants and products
Label the reactants and products in the chemical equation.

Synonyms and how they differ

reagent
A substance used to test for or trigger a reaction; it may not be consumed.
starting material
Plain wording for what enters a reaction, common in labs and industry.
substrate
In enzyme reactions, the specific molecule an enzyme acts on; narrower than reactant.

Opposites

Word family

react verb
To undergo change or respond chemically.
reaction noun
The process in which substances change into new substances.
reactive adjective
Likely to react chemically or respond strongly.

Commonly confused: reactant or catalyst? reactant or product?

reactant vs catalyst

A catalyst speeds a reaction but is not consumed; a reactant is used up.

reactant vs product

Products are made by the reaction; reactants are present before it.

Practice

In a chemical equation, reactants are usually written where?

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