Meaning & use

Turkish

adjective, noun·Everyday

Last updated

UK/ˈtɜːkɪʃ/
US/ˈtɝkɪʃ/

Meanings

  1. adjectivenot comparable

    Relating to Turkey, its people, its culture or its language.

    Grammar: Goes before a noun or after a linking verb: Turkish tea, the food is Turkish.

    Patterns

    • Turkish food
    • Turkish citizen

    We drank strong Turkish tea at a small cafe.

    She has a Turkish passport and an Irish one.

    The Turkish coast is popular in summer.

  2. noununcountable

    The language spoken mainly in Turkey and also in Cyprus and parts of Europe.

    Grammar: Used without an article: she speaks Turkish.

    Patterns

    • speak Turkish
    • learn Turkish

    He is learning Turkish before moving to Istanbul.

    The signs are written in Turkish and English.

    My grandmother only speaks Turkish at home.

Common combinations

Turkish delight
We shared a box of Turkish delight.
Turkish coffee
Turkish coffee is served in tiny cups.
Turkish bath
The hotel has a traditional Turkish bath.
speak Turkish
Many people in the city speak Turkish and Kurdish.
Turkish cuisine
Turkish cuisine uses lots of yogurt and lamb.

Synonyms and how they differ

Anatolian
Anatolian refers to the Asian part of Turkey and ancient peoples there, so it is narrower than Turkish.
Ottoman
Ottoman refers to the empire that ruled the region until 1922, not to modern Turkey.
Turkic
Turkic covers a wider family of languages and peoples across Asia, so it is broader than Turkish.

Word family

Turkey proper noun
the country
Turk noun
a person from Turkey
Turkic adjective
relating to a wider group of languages and peoples
Turkishness noun
the quality of being Turkish

Commonly confused: Turkish or turkey?

Turkish vs turkey

The lowercase turkey is a large bird eaten at holidays, while Turkey with a capital is the country.

Practice

After dinner in Istanbul, we ordered small cups of strong ___ coffee.

Make it your own

Write a sentence using “Turkish”, then check it and compare it with the examples above.

Your sentence stays on this page and is not sent anywhere.

Explore more words