Meaning & use
et al.
An abbreviation meaning and others, used after a name to indicate additional unnamed people, especially in citations.
See it in a sentence
The study by Chen et al. examined the effects of sleep on memory retention.
According to Roberts et al., the results were consistent across all test groups.
A note on using this word
Et al. comes from the Latin et alii and is always followed by a period; it typically follows the first author's name when a work has several authors.
Words with a similar meaning
and others
Choose a synonym to suit the sentence. Meanings can overlap without being identical.
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