Portuguese vocabulary

Portuguese vocabulary: 122 essential words for beginners

This page introduces essential Portuguese vocabulary for beginners, covering greetings, numbers, colors, family, travel and a generous set of food words, since meals and menus are where beginners use new vocabulary most. Each entry includes the word, a simple pronunciation guide with the stressed syllable marked, and an example sentence, so you can see it used naturally before testing yourself with the list.

Greetings and polite phrases

PortugueseEnglishSay itExample
oláhellooh-LAHOlá, tudo bem?Hello, how are you?
oihiOYOi, como vai você?Hi, how are you?
bom diagood morningbong DEE-ahBom dia! Dormiu bem?Good morning! Did you sleep well?
boa tardegood afternoonBOH-ah TAR-jeeBoa tarde, professor.Good afternoon, teacher.
boa noitegood night / eveningBOH-ah NOY-cheeBoa noite, até amanhã.Good night, see you tomorrow.
por favorpleasepor fah-VORUm café, por favor.A coffee, please.
obrigadothank you (male speaker)oh-bree-GAH-dooMuito obrigado pela ajuda.Thank you very much for the help.
obrigadathank you (female speaker)oh-bree-GAH-dahObrigada, você é muito gentil.Thank you, you are very kind.
de nadayou're welcomejee NAH-dahDe nada, foi um prazer.You're welcome, it was a pleasure.
desculpesorry / excuse mejees-KOOL-peeDesculpe, onde fica o banheiro?Excuse me, where is the bathroom?
tchaubyeCHAH-ooTchau, até logo!Bye, see you soon!

Numbers

PortugueseEnglishSay itExample
umoneOOMEu tenho um irmão.I have one brother.
doistwoDOYSSEla tem dois filhos.She has two children.
trêsthreeTRAYSSComprei três livros.I bought three books.
quatrofourKWAH-trooA mesa tem quatro cadeiras.The table has four chairs.
cincofiveSEEN-kooEle acorda às cinco horas.He wakes up at five o'clock.
seissixSAYSSA loja abre às seis.The shop opens at six.
setesevenSEH-cheeA semana tem sete dias.The week has seven days.
oitoeightOY-tooO filme começa às oito.The movie starts at eight.
novenineNOH-veeEla chega às nove horas.She arrives at nine o'clock.
deztenDEHZTenho dez dedos nas mãos.I have ten fingers on my hands.
vintetwentyVEEN-cheeMinha irmã tem vinte anos.My sister is twenty years old.
cemhundredSAYNGO livro tem cem páginas.The book has a hundred pages.

Colors

PortugueseEnglishSay itExample
vermelhoredver-MEH-lyooEu gosto do carro vermelho.I like the red car.
azulblueah-ZOOLO céu está azul hoje.The sky is blue today.
verdegreenVER-jeeA grama é verde.The grass is green.
amareloyellowah-mah-REH-looO sol é amarelo.The sun is yellow.
pretoblackPREH-tooEla tem um gato preto.She has a black cat.
brancowhiteBRAHN-kooA neve é branca.Snow is white.
laranjaorangelah-RAHN-zhahA laranja é laranja.The orange fruit is orange colored.
roxopurpleROH-shooEla adora a cor roxa.She loves the color purple.
rosapinkHOH-zahMinha filha tem um vestido rosa.My daughter has a pink dress.
marrombrownmah-HOMComprei sapatos marrons.I bought brown shoes.
cinzagreySEEN-zahO céu está cinza hoje.The sky is grey today.

Family

PortugueseEnglishSay itExample
famíliafamilyfah-MEE-lee-ahMinha família é grande.My family is big.
mãemotherMAH-eengMinha mãe é professora.My mother is a teacher.
paifatherPAH-eeMeu pai trabalha muito.My father works a lot.
irmãobrothereer-MAH-oongTenho um irmão mais velho.I have an older brother.
irmãsistereer-MAHMinha irmã mora no Brasil.My sister lives in Brazil.
filhosonFEE-lyooO filho deles estuda medicina.Their son studies medicine.
filhadaughterFEE-lyahA filha deles gosta de música.Their daughter likes music.
avógrandmotherah-VOHMinha avó cozinha muito bem.My grandmother cooks very well.
avôgrandfatherah-VOHMeu avô lê o jornal todo dia.My grandfather reads the newspaper every day.
maridohusbandmah-REE-dooO marido dela é médico.Her husband is a doctor.
esposawifees-POH-zahA esposa dele é professora.His wife is a teacher.

Food and drink

PortugueseEnglishSay itExample
pãobreadPAH-oongEu como pão no café da manhã.I eat bread for breakfast.
águawaterAH-gwahPreciso de um copo de água.I need a glass of water.
leitemilkLAY-cheeEu bebo leite pela manhã.I drink milk in the morning.
cafécoffeekah-FEHEle toma café todos os dias.He drinks coffee every day.
arrozriceah-HOZHComemos arroz e feijão no almoço.We eat rice and beans for lunch.
feijãobeansfay-ZHAH-oongO feijão é muito comum no Brasil.Beans are very common in Brazil.
carnemeatKAR-neeEle não come carne.He doesn't eat meat.
frangochickenFRAHN-gooVamos comer frango hoje.We are going to eat chicken today.
peixefishPAY-sheeComemos peixe às sextas-feiras.We eat fish on Fridays.
frutafruitFROO-tahEla come fruta todos os dias.She eats fruit every day.
queijocheeseKAY-zhooEste queijo é delicioso.This cheese is delicious.
ovoeggOH-vooComi um ovo no café da manhã.I ate an egg for breakfast.
salsaltSAHLPasse o sal, por favor.Pass the salt, please.
açúcarsugarah-SOO-karNão coloco açúcar no café.I don't put sugar in my coffee.

Travel and directions

PortugueseEnglishSay itExample
estaçãotrain stationes-tah-SAH-oongA estação fica perto daqui.The station is near here.
aeroportoairportah-eh-roh-POR-tooVamos para o aeroporto de táxi.We're going to the airport by taxi.
passagemticketpah-SAH-zhengComprei uma passagem para o Rio.I bought a ticket to Rio.
tremtrainTRENGO trem sai às sete horas.The train leaves at seven o'clock.
aviãoairplaneah-vee-AH-oongO avião chega amanhã.The plane arrives tomorrow.
hotelhoteloh-TELNosso hotel fica perto da praia.Our hotel is near the beach.
ruastreetHOO-ahA loja fica nesta rua.The shop is on this street.
esquerdaleftes-KER-dahVire à esquerda na esquina.Turn left at the corner.
direitarightjee-RAY-tahO museu fica à direita.The museum is on the right.
mapamapMAH-pahTenho um mapa da cidade.I have a map of the city.
passaportepassportpah-sah-POR-cheeNão esqueça o passaporte.Don't forget your passport.

Time and days of the week

PortugueseEnglishSay itExample
tempotimeTEM-pooNão tenho tempo agora.I don't have time now.
hojetodayOH-zheeHoje está fazendo sol.Today it's sunny.
amanhãtomorrowah-mah-NYAHAmanhã vai chover.It's going to rain tomorrow.
ontemyesterdayON-tengOntem eu fiquei em casa.Yesterday I stayed home.
manhãmorningmah-NYAHA manhã estava fria.The morning was cold.
noitenightNOY-cheeÀ noite assistimos a um filme.At night we watch a movie.
semanaweekseh-MAH-nahDaqui a uma semana tenho férias.In a week I have vacation.
segunda-feiraMondayseh-GOON-dah FAY-rahSegunda-feira é o primeiro dia da semana.Monday is the first day of the week.
sexta-feiraFridaySES-tah FAY-rahNa sexta-feira vamos ao cinema.On Friday we're going to the movies.
domingoSundaydoh-MEEN-gooNo domingo eu descanso.On Sunday I rest.
horahour / timeOH-rahQue horas são agora?What time is it now?
agoranowah-GOH-rahEstou ocupado agora.I am busy now.

Common verbs

PortugueseEnglishSay itExample
serto be (permanent)SEHREu quero ser médico.I want to be a doctor.
estarto be (temporary)es-TAREstou cansado hoje.I am tired today.
terto haveTEHREu tenho um carro novo.I have a new car.
irto goEEREu vou para casa.I am going home.
falarto speakfah-LAREla fala português.She speaks Portuguese.
verto seeVEHREu vejo você amanhã.I'll see you tomorrow.
saberto knowsah-BEHREu não sei a resposta.I don't know the answer.
quererto wantkeh-REHREu quero beber água.I want to drink water.
gostarto likegohs-TAREu gosto de música.I like music.
trabalharto worktrah-bah-LYAREle trabalha em um escritório.He works in an office.
comerto eatkoh-MEHRAs crianças querem comer.The children want to eat.
morarto livemoh-RARNós moramos no Brasil.We live in Brazil.

Adjectives

PortugueseEnglishSay itExample
grandebigGRAHN-jeeEles têm uma casa grande.They have a big house.
pequenosmallpeh-KEH-nooTenho um cachorro pequeno.I have a small dog.
bomgoodBOHNGEssa é uma boa ideia.This is a good idea.
ruimbadhoo-EENGO tempo está ruim hoje.The weather is bad today.
novonewNOH-vooComprei um celular novo.I bought a new phone.
velhooldVEH-lyooEsta é uma cidade velha.This is an old city.
bonitobeautifulboh-NEE-tooQue vista bonita!What a beautiful view!
rápidofastHAH-pee-dooEle tem um carro rápido.He has a fast car.
lentoslowLEN-tooA internet está muito lenta.The internet is very slow.
quentehot / warmKEN-cheeHoje está um dia quente.Today is a hot day.

Question words

PortugueseEnglishSay itExample
o quêwhatoo KEHO que é isso?What is this?
quemwhoKENGQuem é você?Who are you?
ondewhereOHN-jeeOnde você mora?Where do you live?
quandowhenKWAHN-dooQuando a aula começa?When does the class start?
por quewhypor KEHPor que você está triste?Why are you sad?
comohowKOH-mooComo você se chama?What is your name?
quantohow muchKWAHN-tooQuanto custa isso?How much does this cost?
qualwhichKWAHLQual é a sua cor favorita?What is your favorite color?

Everyday expressions

PortugueseEnglishSay itExample
meu nome émy name isMEH-oo NOH-mee EHMeu nome é Ana.My name is Ana.
prazer em conhecernice to meet youprah-ZEHR eng koh-nyeh-SEHRPrazer em conhecer você.Nice to meet you.
eu não entendoI don't understandEH-oo nah-oong en-TEN-dooDesculpe, eu não entendo.Sorry, I don't understand.
quantos anos você temhow old are youKWAHN-tooss AH-nooss voh-SEH TENGQuantos anos você tem?How old are you?
onde fica o banheirowhere is the bathroomOHN-jee FEE-kah oo bah-NYAY-rooCom licença, onde fica o banheiro?Excuse me, where is the bathroom?
socorrohelpsoh-KOH-hooSocorro, me ajude!Help, help me!
feliz aniversáriohappy birthdayfeh-LEEZ ah-nee-ver-SAH-ree-ooFeliz aniversário, meu amigo!Happy birthday, my friend!
bem-vindowelcomebeng-VEEN-dooBem-vindo ao Brasil!Welcome to Brazil!
bom apetiteenjoy your mealbong ah-peh-CHEE-cheeBom apetite a todos!Enjoy your meal, everyone!
até logosee you soonah-TEH LOH-gooAté logo, nos vemos amanhã.See you soon, we'll see each other tomorrow.

Study tips for Portuguese

  • Focus first on Brazilian Portuguese if you plan to speak with Brazilians, since some everyday words differ from European Portuguese, such as trem versus comboio for train or ônibus versus autocarro for bus.
  • Practice nasal vowels like ão and ãe out loud, since they do not exist in English and are key to sounding natural.
  • Learn nouns with their article, o or a, from the start, because Portuguese adjectives must agree with the noun's gender and number.
  • Review food vocabulary alongside real menus or recipes, since food words are some of the most commonly used in daily conversation.
  • Remember that obrigado changes to obrigada when the speaker is female, since the word agrees with the speaker, not the listener.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between Brazilian and European Portuguese vocabulary?

Most core words are shared, but everyday terms can differ, such as trem versus comboio for train or ônibus versus autocarro for bus, and pronunciation also varies noticeably between the two.

What are good Portuguese food words to learn first?

Useful starting words include pão (bread), arroz (rice), feijão (beans), carne (meat), frango (chicken) and fruta (fruit), which appear constantly in everyday meals and menus.

How many Portuguese words should a beginner learn first?

Around 100 to 150 words covering greetings, numbers, family and food give beginners a strong foundation for simple, everyday conversations.