Meaning & use

refractory

adjective·Advanced

Stubbornly resistant to control, authority, or treatment, especially when normal methods fail to work.

See it in a sentence

The refractory patient did not respond to any of the standard antibiotics tried by doctors.

Teachers found the refractory student impossible to manage during group activities.

A note on using this word

In medicine, 'refractory' describes a condition resistant to treatment; in materials science, it instead describes heat resistance.

Words with a similar meaning

obstinateunmanageable

Choose a synonym to suit the sentence. Meanings can overlap without being identical.

Words with an opposite meaning

compliant

Another way to use it

2. adjective

Able to withstand very high temperatures without melting or breaking down, as certain materials do.

The furnace was lined with refractory bricks capable of enduring extreme heat.

Make it your own

Write a sentence using “refractory”, then compare your use with the examples above.

Your draft stays on this page and is not sent anywhere.