Meaning & use

subtract

verb·Everyday

Last updated

UK/səbˈtrækt/
US/səbˈtrækt/

Meanings

  1. verbtransitive or intransitive

    To take one number or quantity away from another so as to find out what is left.

    Grammar: Usually takes an object plus from: subtract 4 from 9; it can also stand alone: children learn to add and subtract.

    Patterns

    • subtract something from something
    • subtract

    If you subtract 15 from 40, you get 25.

    The shop will subtract the deposit from your final bill.

    My little brother is learning to add and subtract.

  2. verbtransitive

    To remove an element or amount from something so that it becomes smaller or loses an element.

    Grammar: Takes an object, often with from: subtract a factor from the equation.

    Patterns

    • subtract something from something

    Subtract the one-time costs from the budget before comparing the two years.

    Taking out the best player seemed to subtract all the energy from the team.

Word forms

third person singularsubtracts
past tensesubtracted
past participlesubtracted
-ing formsubtracting

Common combinations

subtract from
Subtract the discount from the original price.
subtract a number
Subtract a smaller number from a larger one to avoid negatives.
add and subtract
The first-graders can already add and subtract within twenty.
subtract costs
Subtract your travel costs before calculating the profit.
subtract the total
Subtract the total of the expenses from your income.

Synonyms and how they differ

deduct
Deduct is common for taking money off a total, such as tax from a salary, while subtract is the general word for numbers.
take away
Take away is the everyday spoken version, often used with young children, whereas subtract sounds more like a math lesson.
minus
Minus is a preposition or informal verb in speech, but it is not used as a standard verb in careful writing like subtract is.

Opposites

Word family

subtraction noun
the process or act of subtracting
subtrahend noun
the number that is taken away in a subtraction
subtractive adjective
involving or based on subtraction
subtractor noun
a device or circuit that performs subtraction

Commonly confused: subtract or abstract?

subtract vs abstract

Abstract is an adjective or verb about ideas that are not concrete or about summarizing; it has nothing to do with taking numbers away.

Practice

To find how much money is left, ______ the rent from your monthly pay.

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