Afrikaans vocabulary

Afrikaans vocabulary: 116 essential words for beginners

Afrikaans developed from Dutch spoken by settlers in southern Africa and is now spoken by millions across South Africa and Namibia, popular with learners for its simple, regular grammar and lack of verb conjugation. This page gathers 116 essential Afrikaans words and phrases grouped by everyday topic, from greetings and numbers to family, food, and travel. Each entry includes a pronunciation guide and an example sentence to help you start speaking right away.

Greetings and polite phrases

AfrikaansEnglishSay itExample
hallohelloHAH-lohHallo, hoe gaan dit?Hello, how are you?
goeiemôregood morningkhoy-uh-MOH-ruhGoeiemôre, pa.Good morning, dad.
goeienaandgood eveningkhoy-uh-NAHNTGoeienaand almal.Good evening, everyone.
dankiethank youDAHN-keeDankie vir jou hulp.Thank you for your help.
assebliefpleaseAH-suh-bleefEen koffie, asseblief.One coffee, please.
jammersorryYAH-merJammer, ek is laat.Sorry, I'm late.
totsiensgoodbyeTOT-seensTotsiens, tot môre.Goodbye, see you tomorrow.
jayesYAHJa, dit is reg.Yes, that's right.
neenoNEE-uhNee, ek hou nie daarvan nie.No, I don't like that.
welkomwelcomeVEL-komWelkom in Suid-Afrika.Welcome to South Africa.
baie dankiethank you very muchBAI-uh DAHN-keeBaie dankie vir die geskenk.Thank you very much for the gift.
goeienaggood nightkhoy-uh-NAHKHGoeienag, slaap lekker.Good night, sleep well.

Numbers

AfrikaansEnglishSay itExample
eenoneEE-uhnEk het een hond.I have one dog.
tweetwoTVEE-uhEk koop twee kaartjies.I'm buying two tickets.
driethreeDREEDit is drie-uur.It's three o'clock.
vierfourFEEROns het vier kinders.We have four children.
vyffiveFAYFEk het vyf rand nodig.I need five rand.
sessixSESSy het ses appels.She has six apples.
sewesevenSEE-vuhEk word om sewe-uur wakker.I wake up at seven.
agteightAKHTDie winkel maak om agtuur oop.The shop opens at eight.
negenineNEE-khuhHy is nege jaar oud.He is nine years old.
tientenTEENEk tel tot tien.I count to ten.
honderdhundredHON-dertDit kos honderd rand.It costs a hundred rand.
duisendthousandDAUY-sentDuisend mense woon hier.A thousand people live here.

Colors

AfrikaansEnglishSay itExample
rooiredROYDie kar is rooi.The car is red.
bloublueBLOHDie lug is blou.The sky is blue.
geelyellowKHEELDie son is geel.The sun is yellow.
groengreenKHROONDie gras is groen.The grass is green.
swartblackSVARTDie kat is swart.The cat is black.
witwhiteVITDie sneeu is wit.The snow is white.
grysgrayKHRAYSDie lug is grys vandag.The sky is gray today.
bruinbrownBRUYNDie tafel is bruin.The table is brown.
oranjeorangeoh-RAHN-yuhHaar trui is oranje.Her sweater is orange.
pienkpinkPEENKDie blom is pienk.The flower is pink.
perspurplePERSHaar rok is pers.Her dress is purple.
goudgoldKHOHTDie ring is goud.The ring is gold.

Family

AfrikaansEnglishSay itExample
mamotherMAHMy ma is 'n onderwyser.My mother is a teacher.
pafatherPAHMy pa woon in Kaapstad.My father lives in Cape Town.
broerbrotherBROOREk het een broer.I have one brother.
sustersisterSUS-terMy suster is jonger.My sister is younger.
seunsonSUH-uhnHulle het twee seuns.They have two sons.
dogterdaughterDOKH-terHulle se dogter is 'n dokter.Their daughter is a doctor.
vrouwife, womanFROHSy vrou is vriendelik.His wife is kind.
manhusband, manMUNHaar man werk by 'n bank.Her husband works at a bank.
oumagrandmotherOH-mahMy ouma bak koek.My grandmother bakes cake.
oupagrandfatherOH-pahMy oupa visvang gereeld.My grandfather fishes regularly.
familiefamilyfah-MEE-leeMy familie is groot.My family is big.
kindchildKUHNTDie kind speel in die park.The child is playing in the park.

Food and drink

AfrikaansEnglishSay itExample
broodbreadBROHTEk koop brood by die winkel.I buy bread at the shop.
waterwaterVAH-terEk drink 'n glas water.I drink a glass of water.
melkmilkMELKDie kind drink melk.The child drinks milk.
koffiecoffeeKOF-eeEk drink koffie in die oggend.I drink coffee in the morning.
visfishFISOns eet vis op Vrydae.We eat fish on Fridays.
vleismeatFLAYSHy eet nie vleis nie.He doesn't eat meat.
aartappelpotatoAHRT-ah-pelEk kook aartappels.I'm cooking potatoes.
kaascheeseKAHSDaar is kaas op die brood.There's cheese on the bread.
appelappleAH-pelEk eet elke dag 'n appel.I eat an apple every day.
soutsaltSOHTVoeg sout by die sop.Add salt to the soup.
suikersugarSUY-kerDaar is suiker in die koffie.There's sugar in the coffee.
kosfoodKOSDie kos is gereed.The food is ready.

Time and days

AfrikaansEnglishSay itExample
dagdayDAKHVandag is 'n mooi dag.Today is a beautiful day.
weekweekVEEKDaar is sewe dae in 'n week.There are seven days in a week.
MaandagMondayMAHN-dakhOp Maandag gaan ek werk toe.On Monday I go to work.
DinsdagTuesdayDINS-dakhOns ontmoet mekaar op Dinsdag.We're meeting on Tuesday.
WoensdagWednesdayVOONS-dakhDit reën op Woensdag.It's raining on Wednesday.
DonderdagThursdayDON-der-dakhDaar is 'n vergadering op Donderdag.There's a meeting on Thursday.
VrydagFridayFRAY-dakhOp Vrydag vertrek ons op 'n reis.On Friday we leave for a trip.
SaterdagSaturdaySAH-ter-dakhOp Saterdag slaap ek laat.On Saturday I sleep in.
SondagSundaySON-dakhOp Sondag rus ons.On Sunday we rest.
vandagtodayfun-DAKHVandag is die weer goed.Today the weather is good.
môretomorrowMOH-ruhMôre is dit Saterdag.Tomorrow is Saturday.
gisteryesterdayKHIS-terGister het dit gesneeu.Yesterday it snowed.

Travel and directions

AfrikaansEnglishSay itExample
lughaweairportLOKH-hah-vuhOns gaan na die lughawe.We're going to the airport.
treintrainTRAYNDie trein vertrek om agtuur.The train leaves at eight o'clock.
busbusBUSEk ry met die bus skool toe.I take the bus to school.
hotelhotelhoh-TELDie hotel is in die middestad.The hotel is in the city center.
kaartmapKAHRTEk kyk na die kaart.I'm looking at the map.
linksleftLINKSDraai links.Turn left.
regsrightREKHSDie winkel is regs.The shop is on the right.
reguitstraight aheadruh-KHAYTLoop reguit vorentoe.Go straight ahead.
reistrip, journeyRAYSDie reis het twee uur geneem.The trip took two hours.
paspoortpassportPAS-poortWys jou paspoort.Show your passport.
kaartjieticketKAHRT-yuhEk het 'n treinkaartjie gekoop.I bought a train ticket.
stadcitySTUTKaapstad is 'n groot stad.Cape Town is a big city.

Common verbs

AfrikaansEnglishSay itExample
weesto beVEESEk is 'n Suid-Afrikaner.I am a South African.
gaanto goKHAHNEk gaan huis toe.I'm going home.
komto comeKOMKom hier.Come here.
eetto eatEETEk eet ontbyt.I'm eating breakfast.
drinkto drinkDRINKEk drink tee.I'm drinking tea.
siento seeSEENEk sien 'n voël.I see a bird.
praatto speakPRAHTEk praat Afrikaans.I speak Afrikaans.
maakto make, to doMAHKEk maak kos.I'm making food.
wilto wantVILEk wil koffie hê.I want coffee.
kancan, to know how toKUNEk kan swem.I know how to swim.
liefhêto loveLEEF-huhEk het jou lief.I love you.
woonto liveVOH-uhnEk woon in Pretoria.I live in Pretoria.

Adjectives

AfrikaansEnglishSay itExample
grootbigKHROOTDie huis is groot.The house is big.
kleinsmallKLAYNDie hond is klein.The dog is small.
goedgoodKHOOTDie kos is goed.The food is good.
slegbadSLEKHDie weer is sleg.The weather is bad.
mooibeautifulMOH-eeDie uitsig is mooi.The view is beautiful.
oudoldOHTDie gebou is oud.The building is old.
nuutnewNUYTMy foon is nuut.My phone is new.
vinnigfastFIN-nikhDie kar is vinnig.The car is fast.
stadigslowSTAH-dikhDie trein is stadig.The train is slow.
koudcoldKOHTDie water is koud.The water is cold.
warmwarmVARMDit is warm in die somer.It's warm in summer.
gelukkighappykhuh-LUK-ikhEk is gelukkig.I am happy.

Question words

AfrikaansEnglishSay itExample
watwhatVUTWat maak jy?What are you doing?
wiewhoVEEWie is jy?Who are you?
waarwhereVAHRWaar woon jy?Where do you live?
wanneerwhenvun-NEERWanneer vertrek die trein?When does the train leave?
hoekomwhyhoo-KOMHoekom is jy laat?Why are you late?
hoehowHOOHoe gaan dit?How are you?
hoeveelhow much, how manyhoo-FEELHoeveel kos dit?How much does this cost?
watterwhichVUT-terWatter kleur is dit?Which color is it?

Study tips for Afrikaans

  • Afrikaans verbs do not change with the subject or tense the way English verbs do, so learning a form like 'is' or 'gaan' once covers almost every sentence.
  • The letter 'g' is usually pronounced as a soft, guttural sound at the back of the throat, similar to the Dutch or Scottish 'ch'.
  • Afrikaans commonly uses a double negative, adding 'nie' at the end of a negative sentence as well as after the verb, as in 'ek weet nie' (I don't know).
  • Many Afrikaans words closely resemble Dutch and English, so look for familiar roots to guess the meaning of new vocabulary.
  • Practice the vowel combinations 'oe', 'ui', and 'eu' early, since they represent single sounds that do not exist in English and take some ear-training.

Frequently asked questions

How many words are on this Afrikaans vocabulary list?

This page covers 116 essential Afrikaans words and phrases across ten everyday topics, including greetings, numbers, family, food, and travel.

Is Afrikaans easy to learn for English speakers?

Many learners find Afrikaans approachable because its verbs do not conjugate for person or tense and its grammar is simpler than Dutch or German, though its pronunciation and double negatives take some practice.

What script is Afrikaans written in?

Afrikaans is written in the Latin alphabet, the same script used for English and Dutch.