Norwegian vocabulary

Norwegian vocabulary: 108 essential words for beginners

This page introduces essential Norwegian vocabulary for beginners, covering everyday words you will need for greetings, numbers, family, food, travel, weather, and nature. Each entry gives the Norwegian word, a simple pronunciation guide, and a short example sentence with its English translation, so you can start building basic conversations in Bokmål Norwegian right away.

Greetings and polite phrases

NorwegianEnglishSay itExample
heihi / helloHAIHei, hvordan har du det?Hi, how are you?
god morgengood morninggoo MOR-genGod morgen, sov du godt?Good morning, did you sleep well?
god kveldgood eveninggoo KVELLGod kveld, velkommen.Good evening, welcome.
god nattgood nightgoo NAHTGod natt, sov godt.Good night, sleep well.
ha detgoodbyehah DEHHa det, vi sees snart.Bye, see you soon.
takkthank youTAHKTakk for hjelpen.Thanks for the help.
vær så snillpleasevair saw SNILKan du hjelpe meg, vær så snill?Can you help me, please?
unnskyldexcuse me / sorryUN-shilUnnskyld, hvor er toalettet?Excuse me, where is the bathroom?
jayesYAHJa, jeg forstår.Yes, I understand.
neinoNAYNei takk.No thank you.

Numbers

NorwegianEnglishSay itExample
enoneEHNJeg har en katt.I have one cat.
totwoTOOJeg har to hunder.I have two dogs.
trethreeTREHKlokken er tre.It's three o'clock.
firefourFEE-rehJeg har fire søsken.I have four siblings.
femfiveFEMJeg er fem år gammel.I am five years old.
sekssixSEKSKlokken er seks.It's six o'clock.
sjusevenSHOOUken har sju dager.The week has seven days.
åtteeightAW-tehJeg har åtte bøker.I have eight books.
ninineNEEKlokken er ni.It's nine o'clock.
titenTEEJeg teller til ti.I count to ten.

Colors

NorwegianEnglishSay itExample
rødredRUHBilen min er rød.My car is red.
blåblueBLAWHimmelen er blå.The sky is blue.
grønngreenGRUHNGresset er grønt.The grass is green.
gulyellowGOOLBananen er gul.The banana is yellow.
svartblackSVARTKatten er svart.The cat is black.
hvitwhiteVEETSnøen er hvit.The snow is white.
brunbrownBROONBjørnen er brun.The bear is brown.
lillapurpleLILL-ahBlomsten er lilla.The flower is purple.

Family

NorwegianEnglishSay itExample
mormotherMOORMin mor er snill.My mother is kind.
farfatherFAHRMin far jobber mye.My father works a lot.
brorbrotherBROORJeg har en bror.I have one brother.
søstersisterSUR-sterJeg har en søster.I have one sister.
sønnsonSURNSønnen min er liten.My son is small.
datterdaughterDAH-terDatteren min er smart.My daughter is smart.
bestefargrandfatherBES-teh-fahrBestefaren min er gammel.My grandfather is old.
bestemorgrandmotherBES-teh-moorBestemoren min lager god mat.My grandmother makes good food.
familiefamilyfah-MEE-lee-ehFamilien min er stor.My family is big.
onkeluncleON-kelOnkelen min bor i Norge.My uncle lives in Norway.

Food and drink

NorwegianEnglishSay itExample
brødbreadBRUHJeg spiser brød til frokost.I eat bread for breakfast.
vannwaterVAHNJeg drikker vann.I drink water.
melkmilkMELKJeg drikker melk.I drink milk.
eggeggEGGJeg spiser et egg.I eat an egg.
ostcheeseOOSTJeg liker ost.I like cheese.
epleappleEP-lehEplet er søtt.The apple is sweet.
kyllingchickenCHYL-lingJeg spiser kylling til middag.I eat chicken for dinner.
fiskfishFISKFisken er fersk.The fish is fresh.
risriceREESJeg spiser ris.I eat rice.
grønnsakervegetablesGRURN-sah-kerJeg spiser grønnsaker hver dag.I eat vegetables every day.
fruktfruitFROOKTDenne frukten er god.This fruit is good.
kaffecoffeeKAH-fehJeg drikker kaffe om morgenen.I drink coffee in the morning.

Time and days

NorwegianEnglishSay itExample
i dagtodayee DAHGI dag er det mandag.Today is Monday.
i morgentomorrowee MOR-genI morgen skal jeg jobbe.Tomorrow I will work.
i gåryesterdayee GORRI går var jeg hjemme.Yesterday I was home.
ukeweekOO-kehDenne uken er travel.This week is busy.
månedmonthMAW-nedDenne måneden er kald.This month is cold.
åryearAWRDette året er bra.This year is good.
mandagMondayMAHN-dahgPå mandag hviler jeg.On Monday I rest.
timehourTEE-mehDenne timen er tidlig.This hour is early.
minuttminutemee-NUTGi meg ett minutt.Give me one minute.
nånowNAWJeg må gå nå.I have to go now.

Travel and directions

NorwegianEnglishSay itExample
gatestreetGAH-tehDenne gaten er stille.This street is quiet.
bycityBEWByen er vakker.The city is beautiful.
hotellhotelhoh-TELLHotellet er nær.The hotel is close.
flyplassairportFLOO-plahssFlyplassen er langt unna.The airport is far away.
togtrainTOHGToget er raskt.The train is fast.
bussbusBOOSSBussen er sen.The bus is late.
kartmapKARTVis meg kartet.Show me the map.
høyreright (direction)HOY-rehSving til høyre.Turn right.
venstreleft (direction)VEN-strehSving til venstre.Turn left.
rett framstraight aheadRETT frahmFortsett rett fram.Continue straight ahead.

Common verbs

NorwegianEnglishSay itExample
å spiseto eataw SPEE-sehJeg spiser et eple.I eat an apple.
å drikketo drinkaw DRIK-kehJeg drikker vann.I drink water.
å gåto go / walkaw GAWJeg går til jobben.I go to work.
å snakketo speakaw SNAHK-kehJeg snakker norsk.I speak Norwegian.
å seto seeaw SEHJeg ser en film.I watch a movie.
å høreto hearaw HUR-rehJeg hører musikk.I hear music.
å leseto readaw LEH-sehJeg leser en bok.I read a book.
å skriveto writeaw SKREE-vehJeg skriver et brev.I write a letter.
å jobbeto workaw YOB-behJeg jobber mye.I work a lot.
å soveto sleepaw SOH-vehJeg sover tidlig.I sleep early.

Adjectives

NorwegianEnglishSay itExample
storbigSTOORHuset er stort.The house is big.
litensmallLEE-tenHunden er liten.The dog is small.
varmhotVARMTeen er varm.The tea is hot.
kaldcoldKAHLVannet er kaldt.The water is cold.
penpretty / beautifulPEHNBlomsten er pen.The flower is pretty.
stygguglySTIGGBygningen er stygg.The building is ugly.
nynewNEWBilen er ny.The car is new.
gammeloldGAHM-melBoken er gammel.The book is old.
godgoodGOOMaten er god.The food is good.
dårligbadDOR-leeVæret er dårlig i dag.The weather is bad today.

Question words

NorwegianEnglishSay itExample
hvawhatVAHHva er dette?What is this?
hvemwhoVEMHvem er du?Who are you?
hvorwhereVOORHvor er toalettet?Where is the bathroom?
nårwhenNORNår kommer toget?When does the train arrive?
hvorforwhyVOR-forHvorfor er du trist?Why are you sad?
hvordanhowVOR-dahnHvordan har du det?How are you?
hvor myehow muchvoor MEW-ehHvor mye koster dette?How much does this cost?
hvilkenwhichVIL-kenHvilken bok leser du?Which book are you reading?

Weather and nature

NorwegianEnglishSay itExample
solsunSOOLSolen skinner i dag.The sun is shining today.
regnrainRAYNDet regner ute.It's raining outside.
snøsnowSNURDet snør om vinteren.It snows in winter.
vindwindVINVinden blåser sterkt.The wind is blowing strongly.
skycloudSHOOHimmelen har mange skyer.The sky has many clouds.
tretreeTREHTreet er høyt.The tree is tall.
blomstflowerBLOMSTBlomsten lukter godt.The flower smells good.
fjellmountainFYELLFjellet er høyt.The mountain is tall.
havseaHAHVHavet er blått.The sea is blue.
skogforestSKOOGSkogen er stor.The forest is big.

Study tips for Norwegian

  • Norwegian nouns have grammatical gender, and Bokmål lets you treat feminine nouns as common gender, so learn each noun's article (en/ei/et) alongside its meaning.
  • Word stress usually falls on the first syllable, and Norwegian uses pitch accent, which can subtly change the meaning of otherwise similar words.
  • Practice the vowels æ, ø, and å on their own, since they don't exist in English but appear in many everyday words.
  • Norwegian and English share many cognates, such as hus (house) and bok (book), which can speed up your vocabulary learning.
  • Listen to Norwegian audio alongside reading, since consonant clusters like kj and skj are not pronounced the way they look.

Frequently asked questions

Is Norwegian vocabulary similar to English?

Yes, Norwegian and English are both Germanic languages and share many cognates, such as hus (house) and bok (book), which makes basic vocabulary easier for English speakers to recognize.

How many words do I need to know to have basic conversations in Norwegian?

Around 100 to 150 high-frequency words covering greetings, numbers, family, and everyday objects, like the ones on this page, are enough to build simple beginner sentences and follow basic conversations.

Is Bokmål or Nynorsk used in this vocabulary?

This page uses Bokmål, the more widely used of Norway's two official written standards, which is also what most learning materials and media use.